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        "summary": "Congolese technology learner and facilitator whose work in Dzaleka connected AppFactory training, online livelihoods, and peer education.",
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            "title": "Malawi: Becoming future tech leaders in Dzaleka refugee camp",
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            "title": "Refugee camp AppFactory grooming software developers",
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            "title": "Bridging the digital divide for refugees in Malawi",
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            "title": "Malawi Fact Sheet, August 2024",
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            "title": "UNHCR registers over 41,000 people in congested Dzaleka Refugee Camp",
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            "title": "Malawi: Understanding the Health, Nutrition and Population Situation in Dzaleka Refugee Camp 2024",
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        "title": "Dzaleka Refugee Camp",
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            "title": "Malawi Fact Sheet, August 2024",
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            "title": "JRS Annual Report 2016",
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        "id": "fertility-and-family-planning-mdhs-2024",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
        "url": "https://services.dzaleka.com/encyclopedia/fertility-and-family-planning-mdhs-2024",
        "title": "Fertility and family planning in the 2024 MDHS",
        "sortName": "Fertility and family planning in the 2024 MDHS",
        "summary": "Survey estimates for fertility, age at first birth, teenage pregnancy, contraceptive use and unmet family-planning need among women in Dzaleka.",
        "category": "Health",
        "entryType": "topic",
        "aliases": [
          "Dzaleka fertility 2024",
          "Dzaleka contraception MDHS"
        ],
        "image": "/images/Dzaleka Health Centre.jpg",
        "imageAlt": "Dzaleka Health Centre",
        "imageCaption": "The MDHS measured reproductive-health indicators across the Dzaleka sample.",
        "imageCredit": "Dzaleka Online Services archive",
        "featured": false,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "lastReviewed": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "schemaType": "Article",
        "facts": [
          {
            "label": "Total fertility rate",
            "value": "4.9 children per woman in Dzaleka; 3.7 elsewhere in Malawi"
          },
          {
            "label": "Median age at first birth",
            "value": "20.5 years in Dzaleka; 19.1 elsewhere in Malawi"
          },
          {
            "label": "Teenagers ever pregnant",
            "value": "17% of women aged 15-19 in Dzaleka; 32% elsewhere"
          },
          {
            "label": "Contraceptive use",
            "value": "37% of currently married women in Dzaleka"
          },
          {
            "label": "Unmet family-planning need",
            "value": "20% in Dzaleka; 11% elsewhere in Malawi"
          }
        ],
        "relatedEntries": [
          "health-nutrition-and-population",
          "dzaleka-health-centre",
          "maternal-health-and-malaria-mdhs-2024",
          "population-and-demography"
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "title": "Understanding the health, nutrition and population situation in Dzaleka Refugee Camp",
            "publisher": "National Statistical Office, UNHCR and World Bank-UNHCR Joint Data Center",
            "url": "https://www.jointdatacenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Malawi-DHS-report-FINAL-.pdf",
            "date": "May 2026",
            "note": "Chapter 3, fertility and contraception."
          },
          {
            "title": "Malawi - Demographic and Health Survey 2024",
            "publisher": "World Bank Microdata Library",
            "url": "https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/8246",
            "date": "20 March 2026",
            "note": "Women's questionnaire, survey population and weighting metadata."
          },
          {
            "title": "The 2024 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey",
            "publisher": "National Statistical Office of Malawi",
            "url": "https://www.nsomalawi.mw/news/the-2024-malawi-demographic-and-health-survey-2024-mdhs",
            "date": "2026"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "food-security-and-assistance",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
        "url": "https://services.dzaleka.com/encyclopedia/food-security-and-assistance",
        "title": "Food security and assistance",
        "summary": "The food and cash assistance system at Dzaleka, the effects of funding shortfalls, and the evidence used to assess household food security.",
        "category": "Health",
        "entryType": "topic",
        "image": "/images/encyclopedia/community-gathering.jpg",
        "imageAlt": "Residents gathered in an open area at Dzaleka Refugee Camp",
        "imageCaption": "Humanitarian assistance operates at the scale of a large, densely populated settlement.",
        "imageCredit": "Dzaleka Online Services archive",
        "featured": true,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "lastReviewed": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "schemaType": "Article",
        "facts": [
          {
            "label": "Current delivery",
            "value": "Cash-based transfers delivered by WFP with UNHCR"
          },
          {
            "label": "WFP country-page figure",
            "value": "58,000 refugees and asylum-seekers supported"
          },
          {
            "label": "November 2023 finding",
            "value": "22% of households were marginally food secure with WFP support"
          },
          {
            "label": "August 2024 ration",
            "value": "Raised from 50% to 75% of the planned general assistance level"
          }
        ],
        "relatedEntries": [
          "dzaleka-refugee-camp",
          "health-nutrition-and-population",
          "vaccination-nutrition-and-anaemia-mdhs-2024",
          "livelihoods-and-local-economy",
          "population-and-demography"
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "title": "Malawi",
            "publisher": "World Food Programme",
            "url": "https://www.wfp.org/countries/malawi"
          },
          {
            "title": "UNHCR Malawi Fact Sheet",
            "publisher": "UNHCR",
            "url": "https://www.unhcr.org/sites/default/files/2024-11/Fact%20Sheet_Malawi_August%202024.pdf",
            "date": "August 2024"
          },
          {
            "title": "Funding crunch forces WFP to halve food rations for refugees amidst worsening hunger in Malawi",
            "publisher": "World Food Programme",
            "url": "https://www.wfp.org/news/funding-crunch-forces-wfp-halve-food-rations-refugees-amidst-worsening-hunger-malawi",
            "date": "24 July 2023"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "remy-gakwaya",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
        "url": "https://services.dzaleka.com/encyclopedia/remy-gakwaya",
        "title": "Remy Gakwaya",
        "sortName": "Gakwaya, Remy",
        "summary": "Burundian technologist and educator who founded TakeNoLab in Dzaleka and helped expand access to coding and digital skills in the camp.",
        "category": "People",
        "entryType": "person",
        "aliases": [
          "Rémy Gakwaya"
        ],
        "image": "/images/encyclopedia/remy-gakwaya.jpg",
        "imageAlt": "Portrait of Remy Gakwaya",
        "imageCredit": "Dzaleka Connect",
        "featured": false,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "lastReviewed": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "schemaType": "Person",
        "facts": [
          {
            "label": "Known for",
            "value": "TakeNoLab and technology education"
          },
          {
            "label": "Arrived in Dzaleka",
            "value": "2008"
          },
          {
            "label": "Founded TakeNoLab",
            "value": "2016"
          },
          {
            "label": "Country of origin",
            "value": "Burundi"
          }
        ],
        "relatedEntries": [
          "dzaleka-appfactory",
          "education-in-dzaleka",
          "dzaleka-mapping-project",
          "refugee-led-organisations",
          "dzaleka-refugee-camp"
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "title": "Refugees learn to code a new future in Malawi",
            "publisher": "UNHCR",
            "url": "https://www.unhcr.org/ie/news/stories/refugees-learn-code-new-future-malawi",
            "date": "13 September 2018"
          },
          {
            "title": "Teaming up with technology",
            "publisher": "UNHCR",
            "url": "https://www.unhcr.org/turnthetide/4-teaming-up-with-technology/",
            "date": "2018"
          },
          {
            "title": "MapMalawi's Dzaleka Mapping Project",
            "publisher": "Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team",
            "url": "https://www.hotosm.org/en/news/mapmalawis-dzaleka-mapping-project-osm-mapping-for-people-living-in-protracted-crisis/",
            "date": "18 June 2022"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "health-nutrition-and-population",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
        "url": "https://services.dzaleka.com/encyclopedia/health-nutrition-and-population",
        "title": "2024 health, nutrition and population study",
        "sortName": "Health, nutrition and population study",
        "summary": "The Dzaleka component of the 2024 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey: how 720 selected households were sampled and what the resulting report can and cannot establish about the camp.",
        "category": "Health",
        "entryType": "topic",
        "aliases": [
          "Dzaleka MDHS 2024",
          "Malawi DHS Dzaleka report"
        ],
        "image": "/images/Dzaleka Health Centre.jpg",
        "imageAlt": "Dzaleka Health Centre",
        "imageCaption": "Dzaleka Health Centre is one part of the service environment described by the survey.",
        "imageCredit": "Dzaleka Online Services archive",
        "featured": true,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "lastReviewed": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "schemaType": "Article",
        "facts": [
          {
            "label": "Fieldwork",
            "value": "12 May to 31 August 2024"
          },
          {
            "label": "Dzaleka sample",
            "value": "720 households selected across 24 clusters"
          },
          {
            "label": "Completed households",
            "value": "681 interviews; 98.6% household response rate"
          },
          {
            "label": "Individual interviews",
            "value": "738 women aged 15-49 and 330 men aged 15-54"
          },
          {
            "label": "Dzaleka report",
            "value": "May 2026; published by the Joint Data Center on 2 July 2026"
          }
        ],
        "relatedEntries": [
          "mdhs-household-conditions",
          "fertility-and-family-planning-mdhs-2024",
          "vaccination-nutrition-and-anaemia-mdhs-2024",
          "maternal-health-and-malaria-mdhs-2024",
          "social-development-mdhs-2024"
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "title": "Understanding the health, nutrition and population situation in Dzaleka Refugee Camp",
            "publisher": "National Statistical Office, UNHCR and World Bank-UNHCR Joint Data Center",
            "url": "https://www.jointdatacenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Malawi-DHS-report-FINAL-.pdf",
            "date": "May 2026",
            "note": "Full 36-page comparative report, including sampling, tables, figures and limitations."
          },
          {
            "title": "Malawi: Understanding the Health, Nutrition and Population Situation in Dzaleka Refugee Camp 2024",
            "publisher": "World Bank-UNHCR Joint Data Center",
            "url": "https://www.jointdatacenter.org/malawi-understanding-the-health-nutrition-and-population-situation-in-dzaleka-refugee-camp-2024/",
            "date": "2 July 2026",
            "note": "Publication page and summary."
          },
          {
            "title": "The 2024 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey",
            "publisher": "National Statistical Office of Malawi",
            "url": "https://www.nsomalawi.mw/news/the-2024-malawi-demographic-and-health-survey-2024-mdhs",
            "date": "2026",
            "note": "Official survey description and final-report access."
          },
          {
            "title": "Malawi - Demographic and Health Survey 2024",
            "publisher": "World Bank Microdata Library",
            "url": "https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/8246",
            "date": "20 March 2026",
            "note": "Survey metadata, instruments, sampling, weighting and data-access conditions."
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "history-of-dzaleka",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
        "url": "https://services.dzaleka.com/encyclopedia/history-of-dzaleka",
        "title": "History of Dzaleka",
        "summary": "How Dzaleka developed from a camp opened in 1994 into Malawi's principal refugee settlement, including the consolidation of residents from Luwani and decades of population growth.",
        "category": "History",
        "entryType": "topic",
        "image": "/images/encyclopedia/camp-panorama.jpg",
        "imageAlt": "A panoramic view of Dzaleka Refugee Camp",
        "imageCaption": "Dzaleka has developed into a dense, long-term settlement since it opened in 1994.",
        "imageCredit": "Dzaleka Online Services archive",
        "featured": true,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "lastReviewed": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "schemaType": "Article",
        "facts": [
          {
            "label": "Opened",
            "value": "1994"
          },
          {
            "label": "Original purpose",
            "value": "Shelter for people displaced by conflicts in the Great Lakes region"
          },
          {
            "label": "Luwani consolidation",
            "value": "Approximately 3,000 people transferred to Dzaleka in 2007"
          },
          {
            "label": "Long-term status",
            "value": "A protracted refugee situation"
          }
        ],
        "relatedEntries": [
          "dzaleka-refugee-camp",
          "population-and-demography",
          "law-and-encampment-policy",
          "housing-and-overcrowding"
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "title": "Malawi country overview",
            "publisher": "UNHCR",
            "url": "https://www.unhcr.org/us/where-we-work/countries/malawi",
            "date": "2024"
          },
          {
            "title": "UNHCR fits Malawi's refugees into one camp",
            "publisher": "UNHCR",
            "url": "https://www.unhcr.org/africa/news/unhcr-fits-malawis-refugees-one-camp",
            "date": "2007"
          },
          {
            "title": "UNHCR and Malawi register all refugees and asylum seekers",
            "publisher": "UNHCR",
            "url": "https://www.unhcr.org/news/unhcr-and-malawi-register-all-refugees-and-asylum-seekers",
            "date": "22 November 2007"
          },
          {
            "title": "Socio-economic assessment of refugees and asylum seekers in Malawi's Dzaleka and Luwani camps",
            "publisher": "World Bank Microdata Library",
            "url": "https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/4012",
            "date": "2017"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "mdhs-household-conditions",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
        "url": "https://services.dzaleka.com/encyclopedia/mdhs-household-conditions",
        "title": "Household conditions in the 2024 MDHS",
        "sortName": "Household conditions in the 2024 MDHS",
        "summary": "Dzaleka survey findings on electricity, flooring, water, sanitation, household composition, birth registration, literacy, internet use and health insurance in 2024.",
        "category": "Infrastructure",
        "entryType": "topic",
        "aliases": [
          "Dzaleka household characteristics 2024",
          "Dzaleka water quality MDHS"
        ],
        "image": "/images/encyclopedia/housing-lane.jpg",
        "imageAlt": "Closely spaced houses along a lane in Dzaleka",
        "imageCaption": "Dense housing and limited service space are part of the camp's household environment.",
        "imageCredit": "Dzaleka Online Services archive",
        "featured": false,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "lastReviewed": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "schemaType": "Article",
        "facts": [
          {
            "label": "Electricity",
            "value": "25% of Dzaleka households; 16% in the rest of Malawi"
          },
          {
            "label": "Basic water service",
            "value": "30% of the Dzaleka household population"
          },
          {
            "label": "Basic sanitation",
            "value": "76% of the Dzaleka household population"
          },
          {
            "label": "Average household size",
            "value": "5.1 people in Dzaleka; 4.2 elsewhere in Malawi"
          },
          {
            "label": "Birth registration under age 5",
            "value": "92% in Dzaleka; 78% elsewhere in Malawi"
          }
        ],
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          "housing-and-overcrowding",
          "water-and-sanitation",
          "population-and-demography",
          "education-in-dzaleka"
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "title": "Understanding the health, nutrition and population situation in Dzaleka Refugee Camp",
            "publisher": "National Statistical Office, UNHCR and World Bank-UNHCR Joint Data Center",
            "url": "https://www.jointdatacenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Malawi-DHS-report-FINAL-.pdf",
            "date": "May 2026",
            "note": "Chapter 2, household and household-population characteristics."
          },
          {
            "title": "Malawi - Demographic and Health Survey 2024",
            "publisher": "World Bank Microdata Library",
            "url": "https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/8246",
            "date": "20 March 2026",
            "note": "Survey scope, sampling and household questionnaire metadata."
          },
          {
            "title": "The 2024 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey",
            "publisher": "National Statistical Office of Malawi",
            "url": "https://www.nsomalawi.mw/news/the-2024-malawi-demographic-and-health-survey-2024-mdhs",
            "date": "2026"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "housing-and-overcrowding",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
        "url": "https://services.dzaleka.com/encyclopedia/housing-and-overcrowding",
        "title": "Housing and overcrowding",
        "summary": "Housing conditions in a settlement holding more than four times its planned population, where limited land affects shelter, drainage, sanitation, roads, and public space.",
        "category": "Infrastructure",
        "entryType": "topic",
        "image": "/images/encyclopedia/housing-lane.jpg",
        "imageAlt": "Closely spaced earth and brick houses along a lane in Dzaleka",
        "imageCaption": "Homes are closely spaced in older and denser sections of the camp.",
        "imageCredit": "Dzaleka Online Services archive",
        "gallery": [
          {
            "src": "/images/encyclopedia/residential-street.jpg",
            "alt": "A residential street between houses in Dzaleka",
            "caption": "A residential street in Dzaleka.",
            "credit": "Dzaleka Online Services archive"
          },
          {
            "src": "/images/encyclopedia/drainage-channel.jpg",
            "alt": "An open drainage channel between closely spaced homes",
            "caption": "Drainage and sanitation infrastructure must operate within very limited space.",
            "credit": "Dzaleka Online Services archive"
          }
        ],
        "featured": false,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "lastReviewed": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "schemaType": "Article",
        "facts": [
          {
            "label": "Planned capacity",
            "value": "10,000-12,000 people"
          },
          {
            "label": "Reported population",
            "value": "More than 52,000 at the end of 2024"
          },
          {
            "label": "Settlement pattern",
            "value": "Dense residential sections with limited land for expansion"
          }
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          "population-and-demography",
          "water-and-sanitation",
          "health-nutrition-and-population",
          "mdhs-household-conditions"
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "title": "Malawi country overview",
            "publisher": "UNHCR",
            "url": "https://www.unhcr.org/us/where-we-work/countries/malawi",
            "date": "December 2024 data"
          },
          {
            "title": "UNHCR Malawi Fact Sheet",
            "publisher": "UNHCR",
            "url": "https://www.unhcr.org/sites/default/files/2024-11/Fact%20Sheet_Malawi_August%202024.pdf",
            "date": "August 2024"
          },
          {
            "title": "Malawi: Understanding the Health, Nutrition and Population Situation in Dzaleka Refugee Camp 2024",
            "publisher": "World Bank-UNHCR Joint Data Center",
            "url": "https://www.jointdatacenter.org/malawi-understanding-the-health-nutrition-and-population-situation-in-dzaleka-refugee-camp-2024/",
            "date": "2 July 2026"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "how-to-create-like-god-book",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
        "url": "https://services.dzaleka.com/encyclopedia/how-to-create-like-god-book",
        "title": "How To Create Like God",
        "sortName": "How To Create Like God",
        "summary": "James Niyomugabo's faith-based guide to creativity and entrepreneurship, published in paperback in 2023 and as an unabridged audiobook in 2024; Niyomugabo spent about a decade in Dzaleka before resettling in Canada.",
        "category": "Culture",
        "entryType": "book",
        "aliases": [
          "How to Create Like God: God's Success Blueprint for All Creators",
          "How To Create Like God Does"
        ],
        "image": "/images/encyclopedia/how-to-create-like-god-audiobook.jpg",
        "imageAlt": "Audiobook artwork for How To Create Like God by James Niyomugabo",
        "imageCaption": "Artwork for the 2024 unabridged audiobook edition",
        "imageCredit": "James Niyomugabo / Apple Books",
        "featured": false,
        "status": "reviewed",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "lastReviewed": "2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z",
        "schemaType": "Book",
        "book": {
          "authors": [
            "James Niyomugabo"
          ],
          "genres": [
            "Religion",
            "Creativity",
            "Entrepreneurship"
          ],
          "originalLanguage": "English",
          "editions": [
            {
              "name": "Paperback edition",
              "isbn13": "9798858414087",
              "publisher": "Independently Published",
              "publicationDate": "2023-08-21",
              "format": "Paperback",
              "pages": 144,
              "language": "English"
            },
            {
              "name": "Unabridged audiobook edition",
              "publisher": "James Niyomugabo",
              "publicationDate": "2024-05-22",
              "format": "Audiobook",
              "language": "English"
            }
          ]
        },
        "sameAs": [
          "https://bookshop.org/p/books/how-to-create-like-god-god-s-success-blueprint-for-all-creators-james-niyomugabo/0dd0f532ba0921b6?ean=9798858414087",
          "https://books.apple.com/us/audiobook/how-to-create-like-god-gods-success-blueprint-for-all/id1717000012"
        ],
        "facts": [
          {
            "label": "Author",
            "value": "James Niyomugabo"
          },
          {
            "label": "Paperback",
            "value": "21 August 2023, ISBN 9798858414087"
          },
          {
            "label": "Audiobook",
            "value": "22 May 2024"
          },
          {
            "label": "Subject",
            "value": "Faith-based creativity and entrepreneurship"
          },
          {
            "label": "Dzaleka connection",
            "value": "Work by a former resident; the book is not about the camp"
          }
        ],
        "relatedEntries": [
          "dzaleka-refugee-camp",
          "education-in-dzaleka"
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "title": "How To Create Like God",
            "publisher": "Bookshop.org",
            "url": "https://bookshop.org/p/books/how-to-create-like-god-god-s-success-blueprint-for-all-creators-james-niyomugabo/0dd0f532ba0921b6?ean=9798858414087",
            "date": "21 August 2023",
            "note": "Paperback title, author, ISBN, publication date, format, and page count."
          },
          {
            "title": "How to Create Like God: God's Success Blueprint for All Creators",
            "publisher": "Apple Books",
            "url": "https://books.apple.com/us/audiobook/how-to-create-like-god-gods-success-blueprint-for-all/id1717000012",
            "date": "22 May 2024",
            "note": "Unabridged audiobook edition, author, release date, description, and artwork."
          },
          {
            "title": "James Niyomugabo",
            "publisher": "Audible",
            "url": "https://www.audible.ca/author/James-Niyomugabo/B0CKRZMJPH",
            "note": "Author biography connecting his education to Dzaleka Refugee Camp."
          },
          {
            "title": "James Niyomugabo",
            "publisher": "Dzaleka Connect Talent Directory",
            "url": "https://dzalekaconnect.com/directory/profile/james_niyomugabo/",
            "note": "Community directory profile recording that Niyomugabo spent about a decade in Dzaleka."
          },
          {
            "title": "Create Like God",
            "publisher": "NiyotheGreatest Studios",
            "url": "https://www.niyothegreatest.com/",
            "note": "Author's official website confirming the work and its present creative-business context."
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "inua-advocacy",
        "collection": "encyclopedia",
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